Background: Congenital Heart Disease’s related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) frequently develops into progressive, causing vascular proliferation and ending with heart failure and death. Definitive therapy on anatomical defect often delayed due to facilities and infrastructure. Medical therapy is needed to decrease morbidity and mortality during awaiting definitive therapy. Pomegranate extract has antiproliferation activity through antiinflammation, ACE inhibitor, and antioxidant mechanism. The antifibrotic effect can be evaluated by the decreasement of cells expressing HSP27 and Laminin 5 γ2, and thickening of smooth muscle pulmonal artery.
Purpose: Knowing the effect of pomegranate extract (Punica Granatum L) in cells expressing HSP27 and Laminin 5 γ2, and thickening of smooth muscle PAH rat models.
Method: This randomized post-test only control group carried out on 24 paraffin block from monocrotaline induced male Sprague Dawley rats. The monocrotaline dose is 60 mg/kg body weight. The amount of cells expressing HSP27 and Laminin 5 γ2, and thickening of smooth muscle evaluated on week 2 and week 4.
Result: There are significant difference on cells expressing HSP27 and Laminin 5 γ2, and thickening of smooth muscle between 2 weeks treatment by pomegranate extract group and 4 weeks treatment group lower than controls.
Conclusion: Pomegranate extract decrease cells expressing HSP27 and Laminin 5 γ2, and inhibit thickening of smooth muscle on PAH rat models.

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